UNLOCKING THE POTENTIAL OF COAL IN NIGERIA'S ENERGY MIX: AN ANALYSIS OF COAL'S ROLE IN MEETING ENERGY DEMAND, REDUCING IMPORT DEPENDENCE, AND PROMOTING ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT

Abstract

This study examined the potential of coal in Nigeria’s energy mix, focusing on its role in meeting energy demand, reducing import dependence, and promoting economic development. Nigeria continues to face persistent energy challenges characterized by inadequate power supply, overreliance on limited energy sources, and heavy dependence on imported fuels. Despite possessing vast coal reserves, the resource remains largely underutilized. The study adopted a mixed-methods research design, utilizing both qualitative and quantitative data derived from secondary sources such as energy reports, geological surveys, and economic databases. Descriptive and inferential statistical techniques were employed to analyze the data. The findings revealed that coal has significant potential to contribute to Nigeria’s energy supply by providing a reliable base-load energy source capable of complementing existing energy systems. The results further indicated that coal utilization can reduce dependence on imported energy resources, thereby conserving foreign exchange and enhancing energy security. In addition, the study established that coal development can stimulate economic growth through job creation, industrial expansion, and increased investment in energy infrastructure. However, the study also acknowledged environmental concerns associated with coal utilization, emphasizing the need for the adoption of clean coal technologies and effective regulatory frameworks to ensure sustainability. The study concluded that coal represents a strategic yet underexploited resource that can play a vital role in addressing Nigeria’s energy deficit and promoting economic development if properly harnessed.